Geology of Qatar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Management Theories Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Management Theories - Article Example This content offers a relative investigation of different administration speculations their characteristic impacts. The articles note that there are basic administration defects that have that have been experienced throughout the years. For example, the ideological inclinations that are instructed and the resulting hypotheses that have been created don't line up with the elements experienced in the field. The inborn jobs of directors can't be over accentuated. Administrators have a sole duty to deal with the organizations and assisting moral precepts as suitable. While the supervisors take up their duties as adjusted, there is expanded worry on the ethical commitments. Associations change from one end to the next, and the use of the board thoughts is inherently unique (Ghoshal 2005, p.75). The status of supervisors has altogether diminished, and there are supported endeavors to rethink the job of administrators and their significance. Speculations and different research considers are basic in deciding the degree to which directors work at different administration levels. The fixed structures that exist limit the limit of the administrators to work as proper. Different administration rehearses are improved from the different hypotheses that have been created after some time. Hypotheses and studies are basic in controlling chiefs on how they should lead business and upgrade activities while working together. The connection among administrators and laborers in of the quintessence. Laborers are progressively worried about the social issues and popularity based space over which they can air their perspectives than severe substances that don't give such propensities (Carey 1977, p.33). The impediments that exist in setting up legitimate administration works on, including the board of laborers is essentially changed by the different logical contemplations and studies. Logical models or hypotheses created as core values o f the board don't

What Is An Open Relationship

What Is An Open Relationship Relationships Spouses & Partners Print Open Relationships Why some feel theyre missing out with monogamy By Anabelle Bernard Fournier facebook Anabelle Bernard Fournier is a freelance writer who specializes in home decor and interior design. Shes been writing about interiors since 2012. Learn about our editorial policy Anabelle Bernard Fournier Updated on January 31, 2020 10000 Hours / Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Open relationships are part of the larger category of consensually non-monogamous relationships. They are relationships in which both partners can pursue sex, and sometimes emotional attachments, with other people. Open relationships differ from swinging, in which partners have sex with other people at parties and where the relationships are purely sexual. They also differ from polyamory, where partners can pursue more than one committed relationship at a time. Open relationships are sort of the middle ground between swinging and polyamory. While swingers tend to keep their extramarital relationships to the realm of sex with other established couples, and polyamory is all about having multiple committed, romantic partners, people in open relationships can usually have sex with others they feel attracted toâ€"with the caveat that these other relationships remain casual. In other words, you can have sex with whomever you want, but you cant fall in love with them. Who Chooses an Open Relationship? Since there is still a lot of stigma around non-monogamy, not everyone is willing to admit that they participate in open relationships, swinging, or polyamory. Research by academic and non-profit organizations has given us a range. One study discovered that about one in five adults had been in some form of an open relationship in their lifetime. Another survey found that 31% of women and 38% of men would prefer a non-monogamous relationship. In general, younger respondents were more likely to prefer non-monogamy than the older crowd. If weve seen numbers of non-monogamous relationships grow over the past few years, it may be for two possible reasons: people feel more comfortable being open about the topic, or more people are willing to try it. Open relationships being less stigmatized in the media can contribute to both. Do You Want an Open Relationship? Some people know from their teenage years that they are not interested in monogamy, despite the expectation that everyone will, one day, be in a monogamous relationship leading to marriage. Others dip into open relationships because of circumstances, like having a crush on someone new, or because a partner brings it up. A common scenario goes as follows: a couple that has been together for a few years feels a lack of passion. One or both partners get a crush on someone else, or one begins an affair. To resolve the issue, they decide to open up their relationship. This, sadly, is not often the best way to open up your relationship. Especially when infidelity is involved, it is better to solve the underlying issue in the relationship first rather than try to mask it with opening the relationship up. Often, this means breaking up or divorcing. Sometimes, however, it does allow both people to go towards an open relationship with a positive outlook based on trust, love, and commitment. How Do I Bring It Up? How you approach the topic with your partner(s) depends on the stage of your relationship. If you are currently single or dating casually, its simpler. Bring up your ideal of non-monogamy at the dating stage. If you make it clear that you are not willing to be sexually and/or emotionally exclusive, the other person can make a clear choice as to whether they want to pursue the relationship further. If you are in a committed relationship already, things are a little more complex. First, you need to acknowledge that you entered this relationship with the expectation of monogamy. The other person has a right to expect you to be monogamous if that was what you agreed to at the time. Sadly, not everyone makes that expectation explicit. Since monogamy is part of our social expectation around romantic relationships, many people just assume this to be a term of their relationship without ever talking it over. Ask yourself what has changed. Maybe you were always interested in non-monogamy but attempted to stay monogamous due to social pressure or family expectations. Your open relationship discussion does not need to come about as a result of a new crushâ€"indeed, it is better if it comes while you have no other attachment. It can simply be part of personal or therapeutic work. If, however, you approach your partner about an open relationship because you want to pursue a crush, or after having been unfaithful, be prepared to face difficult times in your primary relationship. Your partner will likely feel betrayed and hurt, and you will need to deal with that before you actually open up your relationship. You want to open up your relationship with a positive outlook rather than out of spite or boredom. In other words, opening up your relationship to fix it when it appears to be failing is likely a bad idea. It will likely make things worse in the long term, even if it seems to work at first. Benefits When done with respect and the consent of all involved, open relationships have plenty of benefits. The first obvious one that many people think of is sexual satisfaction. Humans enjoy novelty when it comes to sexuality, and we all crave it at one point or another. A new partner is a great way to satisfy that craving for new sexual experiences. People who do open relationships well also share strong communication skills, a deepened sense of trust, and thoroughly negotiated roles and expectations. Its much easier to fulfill a partners needs if they tell you what they want, rather than making you guess. Open relationships allow partners to put all their cards on the table. Open relationships also allow non-monogamous people to express their needs and identity without fear. They dont need to hide their crushes or extra-marital relationships, at least to their partner, and this leads to a lot less emotional distress. Possible Issues Aside from those already mentioned, open relationships have potential problems all their own. Jealousy is the first. For people raised in an environment where monogamy is expected, jealousy can rear its ugly head quickly. Remember, though, that jealousy is rooted in feelings of not being enough, which is itself based on the idea that your romantic partner should be everything to you. Once you let go of the idea that you need to fulfill every single one of your partners needs, its easier to manage jealousy. Negative feelings towards extra partners can also stem from increased vulnerability. As you learn to negotiate your relationship more explicitly, you will need to explore and express feelings you may not have examined before. This can make people feel anxious, angry, or make them retreat emotionally. If you are having these kinds of problems, couple therapy with someone who understands non-monogamy can help you overcome these feelings. Finally, multiple partners increase the risk of STIs. Engage in safer sex activities with proper protection and get tested regularly. Take care of your sexual health and that of your partners. A Word From Verywell Only you can decide whether an open relationship is right for you. Opening a relationship involves questioning the ideal of monogamy, examining what we really expect from love, and being vulnerable with our feelings. It takes a lot of maturity and compassion. On the other hand, being in an open relationship isnt for everyoneâ€"it doesnt show a lack of maturity or compassion to decide that you prefer monogamy. In the end, being honest with yourself and your partner(s) is most important for happiness in your relationships. Exploring Polyamorous Relationships

Evolution of the American Short Story - 1077 Words

When short stories started to be written in the American Romanticism Time Period, they were very different from the ones today, but they didn’t change abruptly. Over the different periods like the American Romanticism, Dark Romantics, Realism, Moderns, and Contemporary, the events changed the style of writing and the characteristics of the way the authors in these times wrote their stories. The authors in these eras started to revolutionize the way they wrote according to occurrences in that particular period. Another thing that affects the periods are the way public starts to think and the events that start happening in the United States. There are many unique factors that contribute to the American Romanticism, Dark Romantics, Realism, Moderns, and the Contemporary Time Periods. The American Romantics Time Period is where America was trying to establish things as a new country and was figuring out how to run the government. One of the authors from this time was Washington Irving, he wrote the story â€Å"Rip Van Winkle.† He was born on April 3, 1783 and died in 1859. Irving is best recognized for his works â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† and â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.† This story was written when fiction writing was believed to be harmful to the public. In this story, Irving obliquely examined the importance of the American Revolution when the country was asserting itself against the European rule. â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† is about Rip’s memory of America differing with the actuality he facesShow MoreRelatedA Critical Analysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1051 Words   |  5 PagesGilman was a famous social worker and a leading author of women’s issues. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s relating to views o f women s rights and her demands for economic and social reform of gender inequities are very famous for the foundations of American society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In critics Gilman ignored by people of color in the United States and attitudes towards non-northern European immigrants (Ceplair, non-fiction, 7). â€Å"Gilman developed controversial conceptionRead MoreJack London : An Oyster Pirate1204 Words   |  5 PagesJack London was born in 1876, and died in 1916. He was born in San Francisco, California, and was the son of Flora Wellman Chaney. When he was a child, he would sometimes living with the Prentisses. Mr. and Mrs. Prentisses were African Americans who served as London’s surrogate parents. When Jack turned 15, he sailed the San Francisco Bay as an oyster pirate. During his time on the water, London developed an alcohol problem, which would eventually become alcoholism. In 1894, London was arrested asRead MoreThe Fear of the Hunt T he Most Dangerous Game, by Richard Connell644 Words   |  3 Pages(Psychology Today). There are several instances of fear discussed in the short story. The first instance deals with the fear that prey feels. A member on the yacht with Rainsford states â€Å"I rather think they understand one thing--fear. The fear of pain and the fear of death† (Connell). Rainsford disagreed with this theory until he became the hunted and â€Å"fear [†¦began] gripping his heart† (Connell). In the beginning of the story, Connell introduces the reader to the idea that there are two types of peopleRead MoreAnalyses of â€Å"Chickamauga† Analyzed947 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Chickamauga† is short story by Ambrose Bierce that takes place in 1863 during the American Civil War. It is an anti-war narrative that also speaks to the evolution of humans in battle. A young child, the son of a veteran is the central character. Having grown up around war and being born of a soldier the child shows insensitivity to wounded men that few could understand. Not only insensitive to the setting, the child makes a game of the situation at hand. 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He is even quoted saying, â€Å"What Norris did, not merely what he dreamed of doing, was of vaster frame, and inclusive of imaginative intentions far beyondRead MoreRace And Gender Roles : The Women On The Porch As Southern Gothic Literature893 Words   |  4 Pagesportrayal of female characters evolved along side with the Southern culture. Female characters became more independent, strong-willed, and hardworking. Even African Americans became the main characters in Southern literature. In â€Å"Caroline Gordon’s Ghosts: The Women on the Porch as Southern Gothic Literature†, Tanfer Tunc discusses the evolution of the female character in Southern literature. Tunc also notes that traces of racism can still be found in Southern literature. Even though civil rights were beingRead MoreCharles Darwin And Evolution Of Humans1643 Words   |  7 Pagesit is also possible that it will be a mystery forever. One major belief in how humans and animals came to be was all changed through the theory of Charles Darwin and evolution through natural selection. His theory states that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor and that natural selection brings upon evolution. Although it may or may not be the exact reason of how humans and animals came to be, it gave a huge sense of explanation of one idea that changed western civilizationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Narrative The Twelve By Sandra Cisneros930 Words   |  4 PagesResponse Two In the duration of this English class we have read multiple essays. The essays include a short story, â€Å"Eleven† by Sandra Cisneros whose main idea is that there is not a correlation between age and emotional evolution. â€Å"College Pressures† by William Zinsser argues that college students are under excessive stress to plan their future and succeed. The narrative, â€Å"Mother Tongue†, by Amy Tan focuses on the variants in the universal English dialect which is based on one’s background. â€Å"Indian

The Tragic Hero Of King Lear - 1310 Words

King Lear, one of William Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, depicts a society in uninviting circumstances. Tragedy is depicted by the downfall of a noble hero, usually through a combination of arrogance and fate. The tragic hero s wish to achieve a goal encounters limits, those of human inability, the gods, or nature. As with all tragedies, there exists a tragic hero, one who possesses a calamitous flaw that establishes the tragedy and all the sufferings that follow. In this play, the tragic hero is King Lear. The plot is compelled by the power and consequence of the losses of Lear. Through the course of the play, King Lear loses his authority as a king, his identity as a father, and his sanity as a man due to his flaws. One loss builds on another, but additionally, his greatest loss, and what distinguishes this tragedy from all others, is his chance of redemption. Unlike other tragedies, there is no redemption for the tragic hero or any sign of happiness in the finale. This g rim portrayal of King Lear, through his losses, makes him the classical tragic hero, and the play an ultimate tragedy. The play starts with King Lear’s decision to divide his kingdom among his three daughters. This is the first sign of Lear’s loss of authority. Lear, wanting to abandon his responsibilities before his time, claims, â€Å"tis our fast intent / To shake all cares and business from our age, / Conferring them on younger strengths while we / Unburdened crawl toward death† (I.i.37-40). It can beShow MoreRelatedKing Lear: Lear the Tragic Hero1662 Words   |  7 PagesKing Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero The definition of tragedy in the Oxford dictionary is, drama of elevated theme and diction and with unhappy ending; sad event, serious accident, calamity. However, the application of this terminology in Shakespearean Tragedy is more expressive. Tragedy does not only mean death or calamity, but in fact, it refers to a series of steps which leads to the downfall of the tragic hero and eventually to his tragic death. Lear, the main character in King Lear was affirmedRead MoreKing Lear : The Tragic Hero957 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many â€Å"tragic heroes† in literature in many different genres. The aspects of a tragic hero include a good man who has royalty in his blood, one tragic flaw, suffer, and then overcome their flaw once they finally open their eyes to what is really going on. Not only do tragic heroes suffer, but they cause others to suffer as well, but this can play a huge role in a work as a whole. King Lear is the tragic hero in, of course, King Lear. King Lear suffers from not knowing who he truly isRead MoreKing Lear as a Tragic Hero997 Words   |  4 PagesThe play of King Lear is a tragedy like many of Shakespeare’s plays, and many of them deal with the tragic hero that end up meeting their demise thanks to their tragic flaw. The tragic hero of this play is King Lear, and he is a man that is a ruler of the kingdom of Britain in the 8th century B.C. He is a very old man surrounded by grave responsibilities, which are taking care of the land and taking care of the citizens of the kingdom. Lear the tragic hero must feel suffering and contrast those goodRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of King Lear1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is no salvation for the tragic hero or any sign of optimism in the conclusion. This bleak portrayal of King Lear, through his losses, makes him the ultimate tragic hero, and the play an ultimate tragedy. In every tragedy, of course, there is a tragic hero. A person who has good intentions, but leads the story to ruin through a fatal, and uncontrollable, flaw. The plot of the book centers around the consequences of King Lear’s flaw. Throughout the play, King Lear loses his land, his honorRead More King Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pages King Lear: Lear The Tragic Hero nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The definition of tragedy in the Oxford dictionary is, quot;drama of elevated theme and diction and with unhappy ending; sad event, serious accident, calamity.quot; However, the application of this terminology in Shakespearean Tragedy is more expressive. Tragedy does not only mean death or calamity, but in fact, it refers to a series of steps which leads to the downfall of the tragic hero and eventually to his tragic death. Lear,Read MoreIs King Lear A Tragic Hero Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear, one of William Shakespeare s greatest tragedies, depicts a society in grim circumstances. As with all tragedies, there exists a tragic hero [1] , one who possesses a fatal flaw that initiates the tragedy and all the sufferings that follow. In this play, the tragic hero is undoubtedly the title character, King Lear. The plot is driven by the power and consequence of losses, more specifically, the losses of Lear. In the course the play, King Lear, because of his flaws, loses his authorityRead MoreKing Lear and Antigone as Tragic Hero Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesBecause Lear is capable of change, he becomes a tragic hero; because Antigone is incapable of change, she never becomes a tragic heroine. Aristotle defines a tragic hero as someone, usually a male, who â€Å"falls from a high place mainly due to their fatal flaw.† During the highest point of the tragic hero’s life, something is revealed to the protagonist causing a reversal in their fortune. This reversal of fortune is caused by the flaw in their character. Tragedy evokes catharsis, a feeling ofRead More traglear Tragic Hero in King Lear Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesa series of steps that leads to the downfall of the tragic hero and eventually to his tragic death.nbsp; Lear, the main character in King Lear was affirmed as the tragic hero because the play meets all the requirements of a tragedy.nbsp;nbsp; In order for a character to be qualified as a tragic hero, he must be in a high status on the social chain and the hero also possesses a tragic flaw that initiates the tragedy.nbsp; The fall of the hero is not felt by him alone but creates a chain reactionRead MoreSuperheroes, Despite Their Differe nt Powers, All Possess1581 Words   |  7 Pagesmaintenance of strong morals. Similarly, King Lear, the tragic hero in William Shakespeare’s play, King Lear, possesses characteristics that define him as a tragic hero, as stated by Aristotle in Poetics via A.C. Bradley’s The Shakespearean Tragic Hero. King Lear is a character of high social status, and he possesses exceptional qualities that make him a well-respected king; however, throughout the play’s events, he suffers tremendously in an unusual manner. In addition, Lear, despite being a â€Å"good† characterRead MoreThe Tragedy Of King Lear By William Shakespeare1671 Words   |  7 Pagestragedy. Within his theory of tragedy is the concept of the tragic hero, whose great, ironic flaw leads to his own downfall. The tragic hero is of an elevated position in society but should, all the same, be a character with whom the audience can relate. The hero undergoes a massive revelation and experiences dramati c enlightenment. The tragedy of King Lear, written by William Shakespeare, illustrates the story of a proud and self-centered king, whose obtuse judgement shapes his demise. Lear’s impulsive

Demat Account free essay sample

I would like to thank my Branch Manager for being a support throughout my Project work. Mr. Deepak Chaudhary has always encouraged me to stay focused towards my project no matter what the conditions are. I have furthermore to thank my respected Project Guide Dr. Renuka Sharma who gave and confirmed this permission and encouraged me to go ahead with my Project. She always guided me in the right direction whenever I asked her for help. I would also like to thank God for giving me the patience throughout my project and my parents who supported me and helped me in all ways. Without all, I could not have successfully completed my project properly in time with adequate data and relevant substance in it. Thanking you, Mehak Mehta CUN120550046 3 Executive Summary This project is about creating a portfolio product that would help Angel Broking. We all know that stock market is a risky investment alternative for all but it is good if investor can make money out of it. For example, if you go to buy Microsoft stock, you are dealing only with another investor who owns shares in Microsoft. Microsoft (the company) is in no way involved with the transaction. However there was an improvement in the mechanism of trading whereby it was seen that there was a shift from the traditional method of physical trading to the updated version of online trading. 2008. At present online brokers hold $574billion in assets but this figure is expected to grow to $4 trillion by end of 2007. The market has become saturated and very competitive. As the number of players increase, it becomes very difficult to differentiate. The volatility in US equity, market in 1999 and September 11 World Trade Center attack has hurt the online brokerage trading volumes. Established E-brokerage firms have created bearer to entry that makes it difficult for new player to enter into the market. Dematerialization the process by which physical certificates of an investor are converted to an equivalent number of securities in electronic form and credited in the investors account with his (DP) Depository Party. Only those certificates that are already registered in your name and are in the list of securities are admitted for Dematerialization at NSDL/ CDSL. Demat shares are supposed to obviate all the problems of physical trading. The biggest attraction of trading in Demat shares is that the shares an investor buys comes with a clean title and immediately after the settlement on the relevant stock exchange. Buying shares in the Demat form always guarantees the investor a good title as soon as the settlement is over and hence it is a preferred mode of trading today and will be so in the future also. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Keywords DEMAT, MARKET, OPTIONS ONLINE-TRADING, PRIMARY MARKET, SECONDARY SWAPS AND INTRODUCTION Online brokerage has grown substantially since the introduction of Internet and now account for 40%-50% of retail trade. This change has come in because individual investors want to increase control over their finances and ? do not want someone else to manage the money. Online trading has become very popular in last couple of years because of convenience of ease and use. Numerous companies have gone on-line to meet their customer? s demands enabling them to trade when they want and how they want to. Online trade, which now accounts for 50%60% of all retail trade, is forecasted to increase to 70% by Online trading and Demat are the two emerging concepts in stock market. It involves personal factors, technical factors, business factors and economic factors. The interplay of these factors on stock market requires a deep study about the pattern process and procedures and performance. This study is intended to identify the various concepts about Demat and the online trading and its way of functioning. NEED FOR THE STUDY Physical trading has been given up by many stock exchange around the world and till India is catching up. Transparency has become an important issue with the regular series of scams over the years. At this junction, Indian investors are able to avail the facilities of Depository participants, Depositories, along with brokerage. i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium www. irjcjournals. org 83 International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, April 2013 ? So how far this system is working in India and the investors experience with these new system of trading. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ? ? ? ? To study the awareness level of various concepts of Demat online trading. To identify the benefits of Demat online trading. To study percentage of savings of online trading. To identify the market leaders in this segment METHODOLOGY Throughout the study an attempt has been made to arrive at the conclusions with help of economic reasoning, experience derived from secondary markets from the lessons of the economic history. The study is explorative in nature as it aims in identifying the growth benefits of DEMAT and on-line trading. The assets, which the corporation has inherited, have deep roots and justify full discussion in its historical perspective. SOURCES OF DATA Secondary data: The secondary data collected from different websites, journals, company reports and the available literature on the subject. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study encompasses only the major Secondary market that have a substantial share in the share market. The scope of the study is limited to the performance of the industry for the limited period. Limitations of the study ? The information provided by the managers may not be the actual figures; it may be a virtual data in the sense conclusions based on the real data vary from the virtual data. ? The study is conducted in the short period of time, and hence the results vary from time to time. ? The study covers only a particular geographical region, and hence the conclusions cannot be ? considered as a whole outcome of the industry. INDIAN E-BROKING SCENARIO ? The Indian stock broking business has gone through a sea ? of changes. From that of a business dominated by few individual players to institutional members, as did trading ? open outcry and hidden deeds to screen best and transparency. India enters the cyber-trading era to equal ? the current market trends taking into consideration the ISSN: 2319-4421 need to facilitate inflow of funds in the capital market. The trading system will enable all categories of investors, resident and non-resident Indian, to trade online. Online brokerage in India is still in its early days. Though the trade through online broking is very miniscule compare to total trading, the signs are that it will grow to 30%-35% in next few years. EFFECT ON OFF-LINE BUSINESS With the emergence of e-broking, which offers many benefits like, level playing filled to all investors, comfort of the house, simplicity, low brokerage and value added services it could be possible for some of the offline trade to shift to online trade. The proportion of online broking business compare to off line broking is miniscule about less than 1%. The offline player would not be affected unless the figure reaches a minimum of 8-10%. Online trade has not started to eat the volumes of, off line business till now. But at the same time it has created new set of clients for e. g. , NRI? s who were not very active in the market due to lack of transparency and information, have moved to use this facility. Housewives are another new category. Net savvy student? s and retired persons are the next expected category. Depository services-beginning of the era of stocks at click Today it is a practical reality that one can arrange delivery of securities (shares) sold anytime, anywhere to anyone by a „click? of the mouse and it is possible to trade in securities and settlement of the accounts from the convenience of a sitting room or via a laptop. The depository is responsible to deliver and receive securities trade at the stock exchange, which are the business partners of the depository. It does not deal with financial aspect of the settlement of the trade. Dematerialization of securities (shares) was the commencement of the era of stocks. The beginning was made in 1996, with legislation of the depository act 1996 and SEBI regulations 1996. REASONS FOR ONLINE TRADING IN INDIA Each investor has one or other reasons to go for online trading instead of offline trading. They are as follows: They are independent. They fell they have control over their account, can make their own decisions and don? t have to give reasons for their actions. They have a reason to participate in the stock market and learn about it. They find it interesting, cheap, easy, and fast and convenience. A lot of information is online so they can keep up-to-date with what is happening in the trading world. They are sure and overconfident. i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium www. irjcjournals. org 84 International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, April 2013 ? ? They have access to numerous tools to invest and can create their own portfolio. They feel that trading through net can hide from others. Reasons for the emergence of online trading in India The reasons for providing online trading facility to investors by the Indian companies are various. They are as follows: ? Online trading has a very good future in India as it is not exploited properly so far. ? Consistent increase in the number of users of interest. ? Consistent increase in the number of personal computer users. ? Part of diversification. ? Less investment in technology and other areas compared to the returns. ? More awareness in investors about the stock market. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS The bumpy Bull Run in the stock markets has triggered a slowdown in the opening of new account by the depository ISSN: 2319-4421 participants (DPs). Faced with the sudden dip in the number of new account being opened the DPs are devising ways to attracts customers. On offer is Interactive Voice Response (IVR) for the latest update on Demat accounts and services through the Internet. Most of these Demat accounts are now dormant. Several DPs are planning to launch Interactive Voice Response (IVR) units and Demat services on the Net, Through these IVR units , investor will be able to know the current value of their portfolio, current holdings, transaction list, etc. Some DPs are providing Demat services on the Net to enable customer to access their account and get the holding and transaction statement on a daily basis. For eg: HDFC Bank. With Online trading an investor can: ? Enter orders through internet. ? Review your account balances and transaction activity. ? Obtain stock quotes in real time. ? Access company profiles and research. ? Receive the most competitive and current commission schedule. ? Direct Floor Access-Submit trades directly to the pit in real time. ? Institutional Quality Order Entry. ? Market-to-Market Dynamic Account Updates. ? Reduced Commissions Up to 80% discounted commission rates. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1: Showing usage of Online trading system continent wise. Continent N. America Asia Pacific W. Europe Rest of the world This table shows By observing the above table we can understand that 90% usage of online trading is made by the three continents that is W. Europe 44%, N. America Percentage 25% 21% 44% 10% 25%, Asia Pacific 21% and rest 10% is made by the rest of the word. Table 2: Showing ranking of major benefits of online trading system Benefit Single bank Improved Information Transparency 4 Time Saving 1 Cost Saving 6 Better Security/Audit 2 Straight through Processing 3 Quality of Research /Analytics 5 This table indicate By observing the above table we can understand that by using the online trading the bank can get so many benefits like Improved Information Transparency, Time Saving, Cost Saving, Better multi-bank 1 2 3 4 5 6 Security/Audit, Straight through Processing and Quality of Research /Analytics. These benefits are changes when observation made on single bank and multi-bank. i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium www. irjcjournals. org 85 International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, April 2013 Table 3: Showing products that are traded online Product Swaps and options Bonds Commercial paper Shares This table shows by observing the above table we can understand that what are the products are transacted through on-line trading and at what % the transaction will be made. Out of 100% 65% of transaction is made for shares and remaining 35% of transaction will be made as follows. Bond 13%, commercial paper 12% and remains 10% for swaps and options. Central Depository Services (CDS) The other depository is Central Depository Services (CDS). It is still in the process of linking with the stock exchanges. It has registered around 20 DPs and has signed up with 40 companies. It had received a certificate of commencement of business from SEBI on February 8, 1999. These depositories have appointed different Depository Participants (DP) for them. An investor can open an account with any of the Depositories? Participant (DP). But transfers arising out of trades on the stock exchanges can take place only amongst account-holders with NSDLs DPs. This is because only NSDL is linked to the stock exchanges (nine of them including the main ones-NSE and BSE). Once connected to both the depositories the stock exchanges have also to ensure that inter-depository transfers take place smoothly. It also involves the two depositories connecting with each other. Bank ISSN: 2319-4421 Percentage 8% 13% 12% 65% The NSDL and CDS have signed an agreement for interdepository connectivity. Dematerialized Trading Dematerialization or Demat is a process whereby the investors securities like shares, debentures etc, are converted into electronic data and stored in computers by a Depository. Securities registered in the investors name are surrendered to depository participant (DP) and these are sent to the respective companies who will cancel them after Dematerialization and credit investor? s depository account with the DP. The securities on Dematerialization appear as balances in investors depository account. These balances are transferable like physical shares. If at a later date, the investor wishes to have these â€Å"Demat securities converted back into paper certificates, the Depository helps them to do this. Depository functions like a securities bank, where the Dematerialized physical securities are traded and held in custody. This facilitates faster, risk free and low cost settlement. Depository is much like a bank and performs many activities that are similar to a bank. Following table compares the two: Holds funds in accounts Depository Holds securities in account Transfers funds between accounts Transfers securities between accounts Transfers without handling money Transfers without handling securities Safekeeping of money Safekeeping of securities Benefits Of Demat Transacting the depository way has several advantages over the traditional system of transacting using share certificates. Some of the benefits are: ? Trading in Demat segment completely eliminates the risk of bad deliveries, which in turn eliminates all cost and wastage of time ? Associated with follow up for rectification. This reduction in risk associated with bad delivery has lead to reduction in brokerage to the extent of 0. 5% by quite a few brokerage firms. In case of transfer of electronic shares, you save 0. 5% in stamp duty. ? The investor can also avoid the cost of courier/ notarization/ the need for further follow-up with your broker for shares returned for company objection i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium ? ? ? ? In case the certificates are lost in transit or when the share certificates become mutilated or misplaced, to obtain duplicate certificates, the investor may have to spend at least Rs 500 for indemnity bond, newspaper advertisement etc, which can be completely eliminated in the Demat form The investor can also receive his/her bonuses and rights into their depository account as a direct credit, thus eliminating risk of loss in transit. The investor can also expect a lower interest charge for loans taken against Demat shares as compared to the interest for loan against physical shares. This could result in a saving of about 0. 25% to 1. 5%. Some banks have already announced this. The exclusive demat segments follow rolling settlement cycle of T+3 i. e. the settlement of trades www. irjcjournals. org 86 International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, April 2013 ? ? ? ? ? will be on the 3rd working day from the trade day. This will enable faster turnover of stock and more liquidity with the investor. Reduction in handling of huge volumes of paper Periodic status reports to investors on their holdings and transactions, leading to better controls. RBI has increased the limit of loans against Dematerialized securities as collateral to Rs 2mn per borrower as against Rs1mn per borrower in case ? of loans against physical securities. RBI has also reduced the minimum margin to 25% for loans against Dematerialized securities as against 50% for loans against physical securities. Demat functions not only in capital market, it also ? does in money market. Selling and Buying Of Shares ? ? ? Selling dematerialized shares in stock exchanges is similar to the procedure for selling physical shares. Instead of delivering physical shares to the broker, the investor instruct their DP to debit their account ? with the number of shares sold by them and credit their brokers clearing account The investor can sell shares in any of the stock exchanges linked to a depository through a broker of their choice. On the pay-in day, the broker gives instruction to his DP for delivery of the shares to clearing corporation of the relevant stock exchange. The broker receives payment from the clearing corporation. The investor receives payment from their broker for the sale in the same manner they would receive payment for a sale in the physical mode. The procedure for buying dematerialized shares in stock exchanges is similar to the procedure for buying physical shares. When the investor wants to purchase shares in electronic form, they have to instruct their broker to purchase the dematerialized shares from the stock exchanges linked to a depository. will not charge any custody fees to the DPs for shares of that company. Future issues by such companies would require a payment of 5 basis points on the new share capital created. The valuation for new shares will be done at the issue price. Companies would not be required to pay any additional amount, if they make a bonus issue Demat Shares: Are They 100% Safe When an investor buys physical shares from the stock market, they can never be certain of the validity of the title of shares. There were many reasons- the sellers signature did not match, or the certificates were fake, forged or stolen, and so on. Demat shares are supposed to obviate these problems. Buying shares in the demat form always guarantees the investor a good title as soon as the settlement is over. The biggest attraction of trading in demat shares is that the shares an investor buys comes with a clean title and immediately after the settlement on the relevant stock exchange. Rule 100 of market regulator SEBI determines whether the shares delivered in a settlement, are good or not. Under rule 100, the shares that have been transferred any number of times can still be withdrawn by the company, if a transfer is found to be invalid for any reason. FINDINGS Charges ? ? ? ? ? ? ISSN: 2319-4421 NSDL does not charge the investor directly but charges its DPs, who are free to charge their clients. NSDL charges its DPs under the following heads: Transaction Fees: Market Trade sale nil; purchase 5 basis points (i. e. 0. 05% of the value of net receipts to a clearing members account) Off Market Trade: sale nil; purchase 10 basis points (i. e. 0. 1% of value of securities) Custody Fees: 3. 5 basis points p. a. (i. e. 0. 035% p. a. of average value of securities) Dematerialization: Rs. 10/- per certificate One time payment scheme: NSDL has announced a new scheme under which, if a company makes a one-time payment of 5 basis points (0. 05%) of the average market capitalization during the preceding 26 weeks, then NSDL i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? After the introduction of dematerialization the stock market has become more transparent and it attracts more investors day by day. If the volume increases continuously, DPs will be in a position to decrease the charges for opening and maintenance of demat a/c. It is observed that banks normally levy a lower service charge compared to other depository participants. There are some other banks which charges less services charges for demat services than other securities companies. When the numbers of users are more on line, the speed of the transaction is affected. Since the rolling settlement is one day, people who are speculating without having full amount of money or shares with their DP, tend to face higher degree of risk. Some securities have not yet started with the Interactive Voice Response (IVR) units and demat on net. Even though online trading provides privacy to the clients, trends available from the trading room will not help most of the online traders. Investors dealing online must possess good knowledge for analyzing the information passed on by the companies through net. www. irjcjournals. org 87 International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, April 2013 ? Online service depends highly on technology. CONCLUSION Notwithstanding many problems, Indian stock market has emerged as a significant financial intermediary, assisting efficient resource allocation, providing strong support to Indian economy and help investors to realize the benefits of stock market investing. The growing importance of the Indian stock market place may be noted in terms of increased mobilization of funds and growing number of investors account. Indian stock market industry has remained centered around a limited product range. This has happened due to the tendency to avoid risk, inability to understand future market development and changes in investor preference. The absence of product diversification and a confused market situation has been made more by the absence of an innovative marketing network. Online is considered as one of the innovative network. The product range offered by stock broking firms needs to be redesigned to cater the changes in the short term, medium term and long term savings and investment markets. Management is considered to be a key for the operational efficiency of any business venture. This factor becomes even more crucial for service ventures such as stock broking business venture. Stock market industry must undertake a well-designed and comprehensive program of investor education especially aimed at investors in rural and semi-urban areas. However this has been mostly neglected in India. In India most of the broking business comes from the small investors and efforts are ISSN: 2319-4421 concentrated on serving them efficiently, and this would help them in being a good intermediary for providing various financial services due to it? s reach to the last mile. SEBI has been playing a significant role in the regulation of stock market. SEBI? s steps like dematerializing, and trading through net etc. has increased the transparency of the trading than before. In the global market place no industry can afford to be struck by inertia. But it is management which is crucial to the success of any business operation. REFERENCES i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium [1] Buckley Adrian, Multinational Finance, (15 April 2008), PHI, New Delhi [2] Alan C. Shapiro Multinational Finance Management [3] M. Karunakar S. Saravanan (May 2008 ) â€Å"Impact of Micro-Finance, â€Å"Southern Economists† Vol. 46, page No. 37- 39. [4] Mrs. Archana Sinha (July 2008) â€Å"Micro –Finance† Vol. 35 – No. 7, page No. 33 (Courtesy: Decan chronicle). [5] N. Mukudan M. Hilaria Sundari, â€Å"Emerging Dimensions in Online trading ; Micro Finance in India†, Dominant publishers and distributors New Delhi 110002. [6] Levy International Finance , (2003) TMH New Delhi. [7] IAN Giddy, Global Finance Market,(2007) AITBS, New Delhi

Songs From the Big Chair by Tears for Fears free essay sample

Songs From the Big Chair by Tears for Fears, released in 1985 was one of the first classic albums to come from the second British Invasion. With only two members, Roland Orzabal and Curt Smith, this record is a testament to the classic 80s sound. The album starts off with the recognizable song Shout and you get a sense of what the album is going to be like. Right off the bat I got a sense of the bands musical and lyrical depth. Shout is the perfect opening song, hooking the listener right away. Everybody Wants to Rule the World is probably one of Tears for Fears most well known songs. It’s also one of the most relatable, starting off talking about the need to grow up in order to fit into the competitive â€Å"adult world.† But then it takes a different direction, talking about wanting to rebel against it all. We will write a custom essay sample on Songs From the Big Chair by Tears for Fears or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Everybody Wants to Rule the World is arguably one of the best songs on the album. Side two has a more unique feel, and it gives out more of an experimental vibe than the first. I Believe is a brief but engaging song, that is cleverly placed as an intro into Broken. The simple riffs from I Believe give way to the more powerful ones in Broken, but they do so in a way that flows and is easy to listen too. Head Over Heels has lovely storytelling and is by far one of the bands biggest achievements musically, were as Listen totally falls off for me. In this song, Roland Orzabal’s voice blends almost too well with the music, and at points I found myself wondering if he was singing or if it’s just instrumental. Songs From the Big Chair is an achievement far beyond some of the other albums being released at the time. When you think 80’s, you think Tears for Fears. It is a solid album all around, showing the diversity and talent of the two man band. It’s not for everybody and at points it could fall off for a certain listener, but if you like other 80’s bands such as Spandau Ballet, Wham! or the vocal stylings of Swedish rock band A-ha, this album is for you.